2025 Vol.32(3): 1–7    [Abstract] ( 17 )    [PDF 2292 KB ] ( 16 )

In order to investigate the effects of different cryopreservation times on the physiology and biochemistry of Chlorella vulgaris and related mechanisms, C. vulgaris was recovered and re-cultured after 10 d and 90 d of cryopreservation, and the indicators of algal cell growth and carbon sequestration efficacy were analysed, and differential genes and metabolic pathways related to photosynthesis and carbon sequestration efficacy were screened with the help of high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that compared with the control group. the growth density of Chlorella recovered to normal on the 8th day of recovery in both the 10 d and 90 d experimental groups, and the carbon sequestration rate was significantly higher than that of the control group on the 8th day（P<0.05）, and the activities of CA and Rubisco were increased; the annotation of the KEGG pathway showed that the differential genes were enriched in the pathways of DNA replication and the Calvin cycle of carbon sequestration in the 10 d experimental group, among which the Calvin cycle carbon sequestration pathway was enriched with 13 DEGs; in the 90 d test group the differential genes were enriched in metabolism-related pathways such as nitrogen metabolism and arginine synthesis.

2025 Vol.32(3): 8–11    [Abstract] ( 12 )    [PDF 437 KB ] ( 3 )

There are many interactions between algae and bacteria, and the interaction between them will affect the primary productivity of water, the composition of algae community, the competition and succession between algae. Microalgae and bacteria play a key role in the global carbon cycle through the interaction mechanisms of algal environment formation, nutrient exchange and signal molecule regulation. This review summarizes the mechanism of the interaction between algae and bacteria, the ecological role in the carbon cycle and the application of carbon reduction in aquaculture. Finally, the future development direction of algae and bacteria in carbon reduction is discussed.

2025 Vol.32(3): 12–17    [Abstract] ( 10 )    [PDF 980 KB ] ( 0 )

In the present study, ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry（UPLC-MS）combined with multivariate statistical methods was used to systematically analyze the differences in free amino acid compositions（FAA）of muscle and hepatopancreas between sexually precocious individuals and normal individuals of Eriocheir sinensis, as well as the comprehensive ecological evaluatation. The results showed that 20 FAA were detected in muscle and hepatopancreas tissues respectively, and the total FAAs in hepatopancreas of precocious crab[（22 210.39±11.59）μg/g] were significantly higher than those of normal crab[（17 169.87±11.87）μg/g]（P<0.05）, of which the total contents of sweet amino acids in the muscle and hepatopancreas of precocious crab were significantly higher than those of normal crab（P<0.05）. The TAV of fresh and sweet amino acids in precocious E. sinensis was significantly higher than those of normal crabs（P<0.05）, and the flavor showed fresh and sweet characteristics, but its comprehensive quality was limited by the potential negative effect of bitter amino acids. It was suggested that precocious puberty may significantly affect the FAA composition of E. sinensis through the amino acid metabolic pathway, and FAA metabolism in the hepatopancreas was more sensitive to precocious puberty. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the study of the flavor quality of early-maturing E. sinensis and its application in the industry through the comprehensive ecological analysis of flavor.

2025 Vol.32(3): 18–23    [Abstract] ( 12 )    [PDF 995 KB ] ( 0 )

In response to the challenges of global climate change and to help my country achieve the “Dual Carbon” goals, the aquaculture industry is accelerating its green and low-carbon transformation. This paper systematically explains the innovative application of probiotic technology in the field of carbon emission reduction in aquaculture systems and its mechanism of action. It is mainly reflected in three dimensions:（1）In terms of carbon input regulation, by improving feed utilization, improving host health and reducing drug use, regulating water quality and reducing energy input for water quality maintenance, the system carbon input source is reduced;（2）In terms of carbon emission inhibition, the host ammonia nitrogen emissions are reduced through metabolic regulation pathways, the activity of methanogens is inhibited by regulating the microecology, and the mineralization of organic matter is accelerated.（3）In the carbon sequestration enhancement link, the growth of large algae and filter-feeding shellfish is promoted through nutrient recycling, and a multi-level carbon sink system is constructed. The comprehensive application of compound probiotics can effectively reduce the carbon footprint and carbon emission intensity of the aquaculture system, providing an important theoretical basis and technical support for the low-carbon transformation of the aquaculture industry.

2025 Vol.32(3): 24–28    [Abstract] ( 9 )    [PDF 1242 KB ] ( 0 )

Under the goal of “Carbon Neutrality”, fisheries are not only a major source of greenhouse gas emissions but also a potential carbon sink sector. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the carbon cycle in fisheries, showing that fisheries have distinct low-carbon advantages in protein production, and that shellfish and seaweed aquaculture systems especially demonstrate significant ecological carbon sequestration potential. The study proposes to promote the fisheries’ contribution to national “Carbon Neutrality” goals through three approaches: “identification and enhancement of fishery carbon sinks,” “calculation and reduction of fishery carbon sources,” and “construction of integrated models for synergistically improving emission reduction and carbon sink efficiency.” Practice cases from Tianjin indicate that the carbon emission hotspots of different fishery models are all concentrated in the feed use stage, while shellfish reef ecosystems and fish-solar complementary models stand out in enhancing carbon sinks and reducing emissions. In the future, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive monitoring system for carbon fluxes, strengthen full life-cycle carbon footprint accounting, explore the integration of ecological aquaculture technologies with clean energy, and develop green, low-carbon fishery development models that combine ecological and economic benefits, thereby providing replicable and scalable practical experience for achieving “Carbon Neutrality” in agriculture and rural areas.

2025 Vol.32(3): 29–33    [Abstract] ( 11 )    [PDF 798 KB ] ( 0 )

This study analyzes the current development status and existing problems of the fishery-photovoltaic complementary industry in Tianjin city. Based on survey data from 38 completed and 33 under-construction projects across 7 districts, the results show that the total area of completed projects in the city reaches 2 889.53 hm2, with the photovoltaic component accounting for 86.98%. The total installed capacity is 3 025 MW, which is estimated to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 1 010.63 million tons over a 25-year operational period. Fishery-photovoltaic complementary projects significantly enhance land output efficiency through “Fishery-Power Sharing”, improve the income structure of fishermen, and promote the utilization of clean energy. However, issues such as the impact of shading from photovoltaic panels on the aquatic ecology and inconveniences for aquaculture operations still need to be addressed. It is recommended to strengthen theoretical and technological research, optimize photovoltaic layouts, improve environmental monitoring, refine installation methods, breed shade-tolerant species, enhance supporting policies, increase financial and land support, and promote the sustainable development of the industry.

2025 Vol.32(3): 34–37    [Abstract] ( 11 )    [PDF 717 KB ] ( 0 )

The carbon emissions problem in aquaculture has become a key challenge restricting its green transformation, and Chinese herbal feed additives provide an innovative path for building low-carbon aquaculture models due to their multi-target regulation characteristics and carbon neutrality potential. This article systematically reviews the role of Chinese herbal additives in reducing carbon emissions in aquaculture through the following mechanisms, including optimization of nutritional metabolism, substitution of disease prevention and control, and regulation of aquatic ecology. Although existing research has confirmed the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine in reducing specific carbon emissions, further exploration is needed for its full lifecycle carbon footprint accounting, economic evaluation of large-scale applications, and construction of standardized production systems. In the future, interdisciplinary research（such as the combination of metabolomics and LCA）and policy incentives are needed to promote the transition of Chinese herbal medicine technology from the laboratory to industrialization, and help the aquaculture industry achieve its “dual carbon” goals and sustainable development.

2025 Vol.32(3): 38–42    [Abstract] ( 8 )    [PDF 622 KB ] ( 0 )

With the rapid development of livestock and poultry breeding industry, the environmental pollution problem caused by ammonia emissions has become increasingly prominent. This article comprehensively reviews the sources, current status of ammonia emission in livestock and poultry breeding, as well as its impacts on the environment and human health. It elaborates in detail on the research progress of ammonia emission reduction technologies at home and abroad in aspects such as feed regulation, improvement of breeding processes, and waste treatment. Moreover, it looks ahead to the future research directions and development trends of ammonia emission reduction in livestock and poultry breeding, aiming to provide reference for the green and sustainable development of the livestock and poultry breeding industry.

2025 Vol.32(3): 43–49    [Abstract] ( 9 )    [PDF 712 KB ] ( 0 )

Ruminant methane emissions constitute 22% of the global anthropogenic methane sources, with a global warming potential 28 times that of carbon dioxide. This positions methane mitigation as a critical challenge in addressing climate change. Recent advancements in genomics, microbial ecology, and feed additive development have enabled multiple strategies for emission reduction. This review examines methane production mechanisms in ruminants, microbial community modulation, genetic engineering applications, dietary interventions, and feed additive innovations. Developing effective methane mitigation technologies holds significant importance for climate change mitigation, enhancing livestock production sustainability, and fostering synergy between agricultural development and environmental protection.

2025 Vol.32(3): 50–53    [Abstract] ( 12 )    [PDF 704 KB ] ( 1 )

Driven by the “Dual Carbon” goals, accurate accounting and prediction of regional agricultural carbon emissions facilitate the formulation of carbon emission reduction measures. This paper systematically reviews the technical system of agricultural carbon emission accounting and prediction methods, categorizing carbon emission accounting methods into model estimation methods, sample plot inventory methods, and remote sensing estimation methods, while classifying prediction methods into system modeling methods, grey system prediction methods, and machine learning methods. The applicable scenarios and limitations of different approaches are analyzed too.

2025 Vol.32(3): 54–58    [Abstract] ( 10 )    [PDF 745 KB ] ( 0 )

As the dominant rice cultivar in Tianjin, Xiaozhan rice is characterized by its robust stems and high yield. However, its high silica and low sugar content, combined with Tianjin's humid climate, often result in elevated mycotoxin contamination and inadequate fermentation during conventional micro-silage processes. This study investigated the effects of a combined lactic acid bacteria and cornmeal micro-silage treatment on fermentation quality and dairy cattle feeding performance. The results demonstrated that the treatment combining 1% cornmeal with compound lactic acid bacteria（LAC group）significantly improved（P<0.05）the fermentation quality compared to the control（CON group）with lactic acid bacteria alone, as evidenced by increased crude protein content, starch content, and 30-hour NDF digestibility（NDFD30）. Notably, while aflatoxin B1 and deoxynivalenol（DON）levels were significantly reduced（P<0.05）, zearalenone（ZEN）content showed a significant increase（P<0.05）, suggesting a differential impact on mycotoxin profiles during the micro–silage process. Feeding trials with lactating cows revealed that replacing oat hay with micro-silage-treated Xiaozhan rice straw had no significant impact（P>0.05）on milk yield or milk composition. In conclusion, compared to traditional micro-silage methods, the combined use of lactic acid bacteria and cornmeal significantly enhanced the fermentation quality of Xiaozhan rice straw. This approach can effectively replace partial oat hay in dairy rations, maintaining production performance while reducing feed costs, thereby offering a practical solution for agricultural waste valorization and cost-effective dairy farming in Tianjin.

2025 Vol.32(3): 59–64    [Abstract] ( 10 )    [PDF 1804 KB ] ( 0 )

With the intensifying global climate change, reducing carbon emissions has become a critical task for achieving global sustainable development. Since urban green spaces as important carbon sinks also generate carbon emissions throughout their life cycle, establishing a scientific and systematic framework for quantifying carbon sources and sinks is essential. This study reviews the evolution of urban green landscape carbon accounting systems across three dimensions: from qualitative to quantitative assessments, from rough estimations to precise calculations, and from partial stages to full life-cycle evaluations. Three representative platforms—Pathfinder, Carbon Conscience, and the Landscape Carbon Footprint（LCF）assessment system in Taiwan—are selected for comparative analysis in terms of their calculation frameworks, data sources, and application contexts. Based on this, the study explores the emerging trends in full life-cycle carbon accounting for urban green landscapes. The findings provide theoretical and practical guidance for developing a more comprehensive carbon accounting system in China, contributing to national “Carbon Peaking” and “Carbon Neutrality” goals and supporting the advancement of ecological civilization.

2025 Vol.32(3): 65–71    [Abstract] ( 9 )    [PDF 1532 KB ] ( 0 )

With the continuous development of society, CO2-based greenhouse gas emissions are increasing, triggering a series of environmental problems, how to effectively reduce emissions and carbon sequestration has become a current hot topic. In the past, people tend to pay attention to the carbon sink function of plants, but little attention has been paid to the carbon emissions generated during their production in nurseries.Therefore, we take three types of garden nurseries in Tianjin, namely, flower nursery, grass nursery and forest nursery, as the research object, construct their life cycle evaluation system, and use the carbon emission coefficient method to calculate the carbon emissions during the life cycle of the three types of garden nurseries by selecting the carbon source indexes such as transportation, electricity, water and horticultural materials. The calculation results show that the carbon emissions during the life cycle are mainly concentrated in the maintenance stage of the nursery, and from the overall point of view, the carbon emissions generated in the maintenance stage of the grass nursery are the largest at 601890 kg, followed by the carbon emissions generated in the maintenance stage of the flower nursery at 390180 kg, and the carbon emissions generated in the maintenance stage of the forest nursery are the smallest at 90080 kg. From the point of view of carbon emission per unit area of production area, the flower nursery produces the largest emission per unit area in the maintenance stage, followed by the grass nursery, and the forest nursery produces the smallest emission, which is 11.54 kg, 1.35 kg and 0.13 kg, respectively. Plants in the production of garden nurseries produce a large amount of carbon emissions during the production lifecycle, and the main sources of carbon are related to the use of electricity, water, fertilizers, and horticultural materials. Therefore, greenhouse flowers, turf and other plant materials should be used reasonably and appropriately in plant utilization practices.

2025 Vol.32(3): 72–76    [Abstract] ( 11 )    [PDF 779 KB ] ( 1 )

Under the double driving forces of global climate governance and China’s “Double Carbon” strategy, low-carbon transformation of urban agriculture has become a key path to realize agricultural emission reduction and carbon sequestration. Tianjin, as a typical urban agricultural region, faces the dual challenges of rigid constraints on arable land resources and the management of rural non-point source pollution, and urgently needs to build an adaptive transition path. Based on the experience of international low-carbon agricultural development in the four aspects of institutional guarantee, financial incentives, technological innovation and market-oriented mechanism, and combined with the characteristics of Tianjin's resource endowment, this study puts forward a systematic transformation framework: establishing policy synergy and legal guarantee system to form institutional traction; innovating green financial instruments and ecological compensation system to stimulate the vitality of the participation of market players; promoting the full chain technology transformation of the “industry-university-research- application” approach; accelerating the landing of protective tillage and precise fertilization technology; exploring the trading mechanism of agricultural carbon sinks, and implementing the path of realizing the value of eco-products. The study will provide a theoretical and practical paradigm for the low-carbon transformation of agriculture in mega-cities, and help achieve the goal of regional agricultural carbon neutrality.

2025 Vol.32(3): 77–82    [Abstract] ( 9 )    [PDF 860 KB ] ( 0 )

Recent studies show that rural areas are becoming the second-largest source of greenhouse gas emissions, making the reduction of rural carbon emissions a growing focus of attention. The rural living environment encompasses production, living, and ecological spaces. This research proposes a quantitative model of carbon sources and carbon sinks in rural living environments with Xuanjiayuan Village in Tianjin as a case study. The study quantifies the carbon sources and sinks of the village's living environment, and finds that carbon emissions from rural production spaces are the primary source of rural carbon emissions. The research concludes that there is an imbalance between carbon sources and sinks in the rural living environment of Xuanjiayuan Village. Therefore, transforming the high-carbon production and living models and increasing carbon sinks in rural ecological spaces are key to creating a low-carbon rural living environment.

2025 Vol.32(3): 83–88    [Abstract] ( 8 )    [PDF 902 KB ] ( 0 )

With the increasingly severe issue of carbon emissions, corporate carbon information disclosure can help China achieve “Carbon Peak” and “Carbon Neutrality”. Taking A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2021 as the research sample, Nvivo software was used to comprehensively evaluate carbon information disclosure, which enriched the theoretical framework of corporate carbon information disclosure to a certain extent, and then the fixed-effect regression model was used to analyze the impact of carbon information disclosure on financing costs, as well as the moderating effect of media supervision and the threshold effect of environmental regulation. The results show that there is an “inverted U-shaped” relationship between carbon disclosure and financing costs, and there is a double threshold effect between media supervision and environmental regulation, which has reference value for corporate carbon information disclosure management and financing management.

2025 Vol.32(3): 89–95    [Abstract] ( 8 )    [PDF 860 KB ] ( 0 )

Against the background of record high global greenhouse gas concentrations, carbon emissions from the agri-food system should not be ignored. In order to achieve the goal of “Double Carbon”, to meet the demand of consumers for low-carbon, organic and high-quality agricultural products, and to break through the barriers to international green trade, it is particularly important to construct a carbon labeling system for agricultural products and to promote the use of carbon labels for agricultural products. This study draws on the successful experiences of the market-driven carbon trust model in the UK and the government-led and market-incentivized dual-wheel drive model in Japan, and combines them with the existing cases of carbon labelling system construction for agricultural products in China, such as Pujiang Ehime oranges and Jiaxing Sunshine Rose grapes, to summarize the current problems including imperfect subdivision standards, lack of policy support, insufficient universality in practice, and low recognition by consumers. In the future, the boundary of carbon footprint accounting should be clarified, national standards should be unified, accounting technologies should be developed and promoted, international docking and mutual recognition of standards should be promoted, and a carbon labelling system for agricultural products that suits China’s national conditions should be built, so as to help low-carbon transformation of agriculture and enhance the competitiveness of agricultural products in the market.

2025 Vol.32(3): 96–102    [Abstract] ( 10 )    [PDF 1785 KB ] ( 2 )

To screen tomato germplasm resources with high resistance to chlorosis virus（ToCV）, 243 tomato germplasm resources were collected and screened through seed quality, growth vigor, disease resistance, fruit yield and quality. First, the collected 254 germplasm resources were screened through germination rate. Germplasm resources with a germination rate lower than 80% and a germination energy lower than 60% were removed, and 132 germplasm resources were obtained for subsequent research. Thereafter, a comprehensive ranking of growth vigor was conducted through principal component analysis, and the top 20 germplasm resources in the ranking were selected for disease resistance analysis. In the disease resistance determination of chlorosis virus disease, the disease indices of ‘Ls-693’ and ‘2023-20-76’ were 34.4 and 37.5 respectively, both exhibiting high resistance（HR）. Moreover, no plants of ‘Ls-693’ showed disease severity grades 3 and 4, indicating higher disease resistance. In terms of fruit nutritional indicators, the soluble sugar content of ‘Ls-693’ fruit was 3.67%, which was at a relatively high level, with a balanced sweet and sour taste and good flavor, and the lycopene content reached 14.96 mg/100g. The soluble protein content of ‘2023-20-76’ was 3.10 mg/g, and the vitamin C content of both was approximately 16 mg/100g, which was at a relatively high level. Based on the above indicators, ‘Ls-693’ and ‘2023-20-76’ showed the best overall performance. The two tomato germplasm resources screened in this experiment have both excellent phenotypic characteristics and strong disease resistance, and the experimental results provide an important material basis for subsequent tomato disease-resistant breeding.