2026 Vol.33(1): 1–5    [Abstract] ( 22 )    [PDF 394 KB ] ( 8 )

Soil salinization is becoming more and more serious. Since it is important to make full use of salinized soil to increase grain production, it is of great significance to study the effects of exogenous substances on winter wheat under salt stress. The effects of different concentrations of zinc sulfate on the germination of winter wheat were studied under salt stress. The results showed that the germination potential, germination index, vigor index, seedling fresh weight and seedling dry weight of winter wheat seeds treated with 0.2 g/L zinc sulfate were significantly increased compared with the control under 50 mmol/L and 90 mmol/L NaCl. At 50 mmol/L NaCl, these indicators compared with the control showed a greater increase than at 90 mmol/L NaCl. The seedling height and root length of winter wheat were significantly increased treated with 0.2 g/L zinc sulfate too. The vitality index and seedling fresh weight of winter wheat were significantly increased treated with 0.6 g/L zinc sulfate. The suitable concentration of zinc sulfate for treating winter wheat seeds is 0.2 g/L under low salt stress. The germination ability of winter wheat could be effectively improved by treating seed with 0.2 g/L zinc sulfate under low salt stress.

2026 Vol.33(1): 6–13    [Abstract] ( 22 )    [PDF 1968 KB ] ( 2 )

This study used nine new varieties of ‘Jinnongxiang’ rice and two main cultivated varieties as experimental materials, which were planted in the field. Three planting densities were set, namely high density（row spacing 30 cm, plant spacing 12 cm）, medium density（row spacing 30 cm, plant spacing 16 cm）, and low density（row spacing 30 cm, plant spacing 20 cm）. The changes in physiological indicators of each variety at key growth stages under different planting densities were detected. The differences among varieties were analyzed, and the changes in yield and its components of each variety were investigated. The results showed that:（1）In terms of yield components, plant height gradually increased with the increase of planting density; the longest panicle length occurred under medium density; the yields of medium and high densities were higher than that of low density, but there was no significant difference between high and medium densities; the seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight had a significant impact on yield;（2）In terms of physiological indicators, the activities of SOD and POD enzymes showed an increasing trend first and then a decreasing trend, and reached the highest level under medium density; the activity of CAT enzyme was the lowest under medium density and showed a decreasing trend first and then an increasing trend. Comprehensive analysis indicates that the medium density planting condition is more suitable for the new ‘Jinnongxiang’ japonica rice varieties.

2026 Vol.33(1): 14–19    [Abstract] ( 21 )    [PDF 1387 KB ] ( 4 )

In order to investigate the adsorption performance of the composite microspheres of sanxan gum on methylene blue dye, bentonite and kaolin were blended with sanxan gum to prepare composite microspheres, and the effects of different initial concentration of methylene blue solution, adsorption time and pH value of solution on the adsorption effect of the composite microspheres were investigated through experiments to determine the optimal adsorption conditions. The results showed that the adsorption performance of the composite microspheres of sanxan gum/kaolin decreased compared with that of the composite microspheres of sanxan gum/bentonite, and the adsorption amount of the composite microspheres of sanxan gum/bentonite reached 149.1 mg/g with a removal rate of 96.3% under the optimal experimental conditions of initial concentration of methylene blue at 25 ℃, adsorption time at 24 h, and pH at 11. The adsorption process of methylene blue by sanxan gum composite microspheres was in accordance with Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. This study provides a new idea for the treatment of wastewater dyes and confirms the good adsorption performance of sanxan gum composite microspheres on methylene blue.

2026 Vol.33(1): 20–24    [Abstract] ( 19 )    [PDF 2527 KB ] ( 2 )

To investigate the effect of the rice OsARP gene on the physiological characteristics of Arabidopsis thaliana under different hormone treatments, OsARP-overexpressing Arabidopsis seedlings were used as experimental materials. The seedlings were treated with salicylic acid（SA）solutions at concentrations of 1 mmol/L and 2 mmol/L, as well as 6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA）solutions at 300 mg/L and 600 mg/L, respectively. The agronomic traits and physiological indices of Arabidopsis were determined, and the color change was observed in MS medium containing acid-base indicators. The results showed that compared with the wild type, the transgenic Arabidopsis treated with different concentrations of SA and 6-BA exhibited no significant differences in root length, plant height, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity, catalase（CAT）activity, malondialdehyde（MDA）content, or sucrose content. This indicated that SA and 6-BA treatments did not affect the physiological response mediated by the OsARP gene. However, the roots of transgenic Arabidopsis showed color changes in MS media containing two different indicators, suggesting that the OsARP gene may be involved in the regulation of cellular acid growth.

2026 Vol.33(1): 25–31    [Abstract] ( 14 )    [PDF 647 KB ] ( 1 )

To improve the yield and quality of tomato, with ‘Provence’ tomato as the research object, the paper studied the physicochemical properties of the substrate, the microbial population, the growth quality and yield of tomatoes in the different treatments by setting 0%（T1）,1%（T3）,2%（T5）and 4%（T7）garlic straw additive and 0%+soybean phospholipid（T2）,1%+soybean phospholipid（T4）,2%+soybean phospholipid（T6）,4%+soybean phospholipid（T8）according to whether to add the “soybean phospholipid” microbial bacterial agent（the amount of ‘soybean phospholipid’ microbial agent 120 g）. The results showed that the addition of a certain amount of garlic straw and soybean phospholipids to the cultivation substrate could significantly increase the number of bacteria in the substrate, enhance the photosynthetic capacity of leaves and improve the quality of fruits. Under the T4 treatment the addition of garlic straw at 1% per pot and 120 g of soya phospholipids produced a synergistic effect which promoted the healthy growth and quality of tomato and can be used as a more suitable amount of soya phospholipids in the cultivation of tomato.

2026 Vol.33(1): 32–36    [Abstract] ( 19 )    [PDF 1880 KB ] ( 2 )

Mycoplasma suis is a pathogenic microorganism that is attached to the surface of the porcine erythrocyte membrane, free in plasma, or parasitized in bone marrow. The infection is characterized by anemia, fever, and jaundice as the main clinical symptoms, with a high lethality in the acute stage, resulting in significant economic losses to the livestock production industry. Mycoplasma relies on the glycolytic pathway for energy supply, and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) is a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway with many capabilities beyond its catalytic function. Prokaryotic expression and purification of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) of Mycoplasma suis, construction of recombinant expression plasmid pET28a(+)-FBA, transformation of transetta receptor cells, induced expression with IPTG, detection of the expression product by using the Western-blot method were done, and the recombinant protein concentration was measured by the BCA method after the expression product was purified by nickel ion affinity chromatography. The results showed that: the prokaryotic expression vector was successfully constructed by double zymography identification and induced expression in DE3; the recombinant protein had a relative molecular mass of 31.5 ku, and it was expressed in both precipitation and supernatant; the purified target protein was obtained by nickel-ion affinity chromatography, and the concentration of the recombinant protein after dialysis and ultrafiltration treatment was 0.48 mg/mL. It can be utilized to investigate the role of FBA in Mycoplasma suis, as a possible vaccine or chemotherapeutic target.

2026 Vol.33(1): 37–41    [Abstract] ( 20 )    [PDF 1154 KB ] ( 2 )

The core-shell metal-organic framework was synthesized by one-pot reaction with Zn metal salts, or Co metal salts, 2-methylimidazole ligands and Carboxylated magnetic nanoparticles in this research. BSA was encapsulated by MOF materials self-assembled and released in PBS buffer. The ability of the sample to release BSA was determined by fluorescence spectrophotometry, and the potential of imidazole based core-shell magnetic metal-organic framework materials in vaccine carriers was explored. By a variety of representational means, the synthesis of γ-Fe2O3@SiO2-NH2-COOH/ZIF-8 and γ-Fe2O3@SiO2-NH2-COOH/ZIF-67 were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy（IR）and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The XRD measurements of used materials confirmed the materials used as vaccine vectors suffered structural collapse after the BSA released. The residue characteristic diffraction peaks indicated that the prepared γ-Fe2O3@SiO2-NH2-COOH/ZIF-8 and γ-Fe2O3@SiO2-NH2-COOH/ZIF-67 as vaccine vector would be disintegrated after release in vitro. Therefore, the prepared γ-Fe2O3@SiO2-NH2-COOH/ZIF-8 and γ-Fe2O3@SiO2-NH2-COOH/ZIF-67 can provide a reference for the development of new vaccine vectors.

2026 Vol.33(1): 42–47    [Abstract] ( 18 )    [PDF 1128 KB ] ( 1 )

To study the toxicity of dispersant use upon aquatic organisms, Argopecten irradians was chosen as the research object to investigate the effects of dispersant（10, 50, 100 μg/L）and chemically dispersed 0 diesel（0.025, 0.100, 0.200 μg/L）on the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and catalase（CAT）of the digestive gland at different concentrations by exposure（7 d）and depuration tests（8 d）. Results showed that the activities of SOD and CAT were induced in three concentrations of dispersant and two concentrations of chemically dispersed 0 diesel（0.025, 0.100 μg/L）at exposure phase, and the induced time and degree were different under different conditions, implying that SOD and CAT had strong sensitivity and inducibility. The higher the concentration was, the earlier the activity appeared; The inhibition of SOD activity in the high concentration group of chemically dispersed 0 diesel were higher than that in the low concentration group, and the activity inhibition in the high concentration group was earlier than that in the low concentration group, showing the obvious concentration effects. At the end of depuration phase, the SOD activities in the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group; However, the CAT activities in the experimental group were significantly lower than that in the control group of dispersant. The SOD and CAT activities of Argopecten irradians had significant differences between the experimental group and the control group of chemically dispersed 0 diesel. And the SOD and CAT activities of Argopecten irradians’s liver could reflect the toxic effects of dispersant and chemically dispersed 0 diesel.

2026 Vol.33(1): 48–53    [Abstract] ( 20 )    [PDF 914 KB ] ( 9 )

This study developed a functional gel food with sea-buckthorn as the main base material based on the concept of homology of medicine and food. Through processes such as blending, mixing and boiling, and filtering, a new sea- buckthorn-konjac composite jelly was developed. Based on sensory evaluation, single-factor experiments were used to explore the effects of the addition amounts of sea-buckthorn juice, sweeteners and dietary fiber blend, and compound gum on the quality of the jelly. On this basis, the optimal formula was determined through orthogonal experiments. The results showed that the primary and secondary order of factors affecting the sensory quality of the jelly was the addition amount of sea-buckthorn juice, the addition amount of compound gum, and the addition amount of sweeteners and dietary fiber blend. The optimal formula for sea-buckthorn-konjac jelly was 12% sea-buckthorn juice, 2.2% compound gum（11.53% of konjac）, 9.2% sweeteners and dietary fiber blend, a pH value of 3.01, and the soluble solid content 13.00g/100g, the reducing sweeteners and dietary fiber blend content 0.10g/100g, and the fat content 1.74g/100g. This study established the optimal formula parameters for the new sea-buckthorn-konjac jelly through a multi-index comprehensive evaluation system, providing a new technical path for the high-value utilization of characteristic plant resources.

2026 Vol.33(1): 54–59    [Abstract] ( 15 )    [PDF 965 KB ] ( 4 )

This study developed a sweet corn beverage using ‘Hua Nai Tianyu 782’ sweet corn as the raw material via a series of processes including pulping, enzymatic hydrolysis, formulation, and homogenization, with further optimization of its key processing parameters. For the enzymatic hydrolysis process, the dosage of high-temperature α-amylase, hydrolysis time, and hydrolysis temperature were selected as optimization variables. Single-factor experiments and orthogonal test design were adopted, with soluble solid content as the evaluation index to determine the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions. In the formulation process, the amounts of white granulated sugar, salt, and κ-carrageenan added were taken as optimization variables. Orthogonal tests were performed for optimization, with centrifugal precipitation rate, suspension stability, and sensory score as the evaluation indexes. The results showed that the optimal solid-liquid ratio for pulping was 1∶6; the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were as follows: high-temperature α-amylase addition of 120 U/g, enzymolysis temperature of 100 ℃, and hydrolysis of 90 min. The corn juice prepared under these conditions was subjected to blending. When the amounts of white granulated sugar, salt, and κ-carrageenan added were 5%, 0.05%, and 0.06%, respectively, the final product exhibited a rich aroma, uniform and delicate texture, with no visible particles, stratification, or precipitation. It possessed excellent color and taste, achieving a sensory score of 94.8. The study indicates that κ-carrageenan can disperse the fine particles in corn juice, leading to a more uniform distribution, thereby stabilizing the sweet corn juice system, enhancing the smoothness and delicacy, and improving texture uniformity.

2026 Vol.33(1): 60–64    [Abstract] ( 13 )    [PDF 1574 KB ] ( 1 )

In this study, fresh beef as the main raw material, by adding lemon, chili pepper and chili powder to the basic formula, the processing process of lemon spicy flavor beef jerky was optimized and the quality of the products was analyzed with single factor and orthogonal experimental methods. The test results showed that the best process parameters of lemon spicy flavor beef jerky were lemon 50%, chili pepper 1.5% and chili powder 2%; the overall sensory score of beef jerky was the highest, 74.5, significantly higher than the control group（P<0.05）. The product production rate was 38%, the basic nutrient moisture content was 15.31%, protein content was 62.12%, fat content was 9.94% and pH 5.03. By systematically optimizing the formula and process of lemon spicy flavor beef jerky, the research not only provides theoretical framework to guide the flavor design of spicy meat products, but also promote the upgrading of the traditional beef jerky industry to the functional direction through the establishment of quantifiable processing parameter system.

2026 Vol.33(1): 65–70    [Abstract] ( 12 )    [PDF 2409 KB ] ( 1 )

In order to solve the problems of low accuracy of strawberry recognition and slow running speed of the model by the robot in the process of strawberry picking,and to reduce the size of the model to facilitate the mounting of the model, this study proposes a strawberry growth stage detection algorithm based on the improved YOLOv7-tiny model. Firstly, in order to improve the robustness of the model, data enhancement techniques are used to expand the original data; secondly, the K-Means++ algorithm is used to re-cluster the model’s anchors to obtain a more suitable field of view for strawberry growth stage detection; in order to improve the model accuracy, six SimAM lightweight attention mechanism modules are added under the original network framework; compared to the original model the accuracy was improved by 5 percentage points, and the running speed FPS was increased by 22.1, while the model size was not significantly improved, which is in line with the SimAM lightweight design.

2026 Vol.33(1): 71–75    [Abstract] ( 15 )    [PDF 1430 KB ] ( 2 )

A rapid detection method for polyvinyl chloride（PVC）microplastics（MPs）in chicken meat was proposed using near- infrared（NIR）spectroscopy combined with chemometric. Chicken meat samples with non-contaminated and PVC-contaminated（mass percentage concentration: 0.01%—0.80%）were prepared, respectively. NIR diffuse reflectance spectra of all samples were collected. The spectral characteristics of chicken meat, PVC, and PVC-contaminated chicken meat were studied. On this basis, the mathematical models for qualitative and quantitative analysis of PVC-contaminated chicken meat were established based on partial least squares method. For qualitative model, the discrimination accuracies of samples in the calibration set and prediction set were 99.1% and 100%, respectively; For quantitative model, the root mean square error of calibration（RMSEC）was 0.041,the root mean square error of prediction（RMSEP）was 0.047,and the relative prediction deviation（RPD）was 4.935. The results indicate that it is feasible to detect rapidly the PVC MPs in chicken meat based on NIR spectroscopy technology and chemometrics.

2026 Vol.33(1): 76–80    [Abstract] ( 13 )    [PDF 2863 KB ] ( 2 )

As a tropical and subtropical fruit, pitaya is mainly cultivated in southern China. To achieve the goal of growing southern fruits in the north, the paper designs a monitoring system for the greenhouse shed of pitaya in North China, which simulates the southern climate environment suitable for the growth of pitaya based on ZigBee wireless sensor network and OneNET Internet of Things platform. The system integrates ZigBee terminal nodes, ZigBee coordinator, and ZigBee gateway to construct a low-power, self-organizing wireless sensor network. ZigBee terminal nodes collect critical environmental data such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and soil moisture, and transmit those data to the coordinator through the ZigBee network. As the network center, the coordinator performs preliminary processing on the data and then uploads it to the OneNET cloud platform through the ZigBee gateway. The OneNET cloud platform provides data storage, data analysis, and remote monitoring services. Based on the preset optimal conditions for pitaya growth, it automatically controls environmental regulation equipment such as supplementary lighting lamps, warm air blowers, fans, water pumps, and atomizers, enabling real-time monitoring and intelligent control of the pitaya growth environment. The application of the system ensures that pitaya grows in the most suitable environment, making it possible to cultivate pitaya in North China. A stable growing environment is beneficial to the growth and development of pitaya, leading to a more symmetrical fruit shape, more vibrant color, and an enhanced taste. System users can view the environmental conditions of the greenhouse in real-time through the OneNET cloud platform's web page and WeChat Mini Program, and remotely control the environmental regulation equipment in the greenhouse as needed. The system has the advantages of high real-time performance, low power consumption, strong intelligence, and good scalability, effectively solving the problem of environmental control in the process of cultivating southern fruits in the north.

2026 Vol.33(1): 81–90    [Abstract] ( 13 )    [PDF 3892 KB ] ( 1 )

The Xin’an Reservoir is a strategic water source in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, and it is also a rare high-quality water resource. Analysis of monitoring data reveals that specific water quality parameters in this region cannot reach the drinking water standard. To identify pollution sources associated with various water quality parameters in the study area, this study analyzed 13 189 monthly data of 11 water quality parameters from 8 monitoring stations between 2002 and 2020. By using the Absolute Principal Component Scores-Multiple Linear Regression（APCS-MLR）method, a quantitative analysis of the pollution sources in different water periods was carried out. The results demonstrated that total nitrogen（TN）was the primary pollutant exceeding the standard in the upper reaches of Xin’an River basin, with agricultural non-point sources and industrial emissions identified as dominant contributors. During the wet season and the dry season, TN was mainly affected by agricultural non-point sources and industrial sources, with contribution rates of 28.8% and 35.8% respectively. While during the normal season, TN mainly came from industrial sources, with a contribution rate of 49.7%. Similar to TN, other pollutants also have different sources in different water periods. Therefore, different measures should be adopted to improve the water environment in different periods. This study provides critical insights for pollution source identification and watershed management, offering scientific support for developing targeted water quality protection strategies in the study area.

2026 Vol.33(1): 91–97    [Abstract] ( 12 )    [PDF 927 KB ] ( 2 )

In the context of Tianjin’s pursuit of green and low-carbon development, college students, as the primary force driving societal advancement and national construction, are encouraged to actively participate in eco-friendly initiatives. This research employs questionnaire surveys and quantitative analysis method to investigate the impact of various factors on the adoption of green lifestyles and their frequency among college students from a lifestyle perspective. The results show that intrinsic factors such as consumption habits, low-carbon cognition, and environmental awareness have a positive impact on college students’ green behavior. External environmental factors, such as the difficulty of obtaining low-carbon products and services and the price of green products, also have a significant impact on the green behavior of college students. Consequently, to nurture a green mindset among college students and facilitate their substantial contributions towards achieving the “Dual Carbon” goals, it is essential to emphasize both internal and external factors influencing their green lifestyle practices, acknowledge their individualized needs for a sustainable lifestyle, and promote the integration of knowledge and action among college students.

2026 Vol.33(1): 98–102    [Abstract] ( 15 )    [PDF 839 KB ] ( 2 )

In recent years, the scale of aquaculture in China has been expanding, the density of aquaculture continues to increase, the breeding environment is becoming worse, and disease problems occur frequently. which seriously hinders the sustainable development of aquaculture industry, and thus the industry has a strong demand for professional talents in the prevention and control of aquatic animal diseases. Compared with traditional aquaculture major, the aquatic animal medicine major focuses more on cultivating applied talents who master clinical medicine knowledge and skills of aquatic animals. Practical teaching is the key link of aquatic animal medicine education, which directly determines the quality of aquatic animal medicine talents. This paper analyzes the current situation of aquatic animal medicine talents in China, and takes Tianjin Agricultural University as an example to deeply analyze the problems existing in practical teaching, and puts forward some countermeasures to improve the practical ability of aquatic animal medicine talents.