中草药添加剂削减水产养殖碳排放的机制及挑战

doi:10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2025.03.007

天津农学院学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 34-37.doi: 10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2025.03.007

中草药添加剂削减水产养殖碳排放的机制及挑战

王洋^1,2, 顾彦冰^1,2, 白东清^{1,2,通信作者}, 郑豪^1,2, 张国壮^{3,通信作者}

1.天津农学院水产学院,天津 300392;
2.天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津 300392;
3.中国中医科学院,北京 100700

收稿日期:2025-04-21 出版日期:2025-06-30 发布日期:2025-07-02
通讯作者: 白东清（1970—）,女,教授,博士,主要从事水产动物营养与饲料学方面的研究。E-mail：445425696@qq.com。张国壮（1991—）,女,助理研究员,博士,主要从事中药资源力方面的研究。E-mail：ggzhang@icmm.ac.cn。
作者简介:王洋（1986—）,女,讲师,博士,主要从事水产微生物方面的研究。E-mail：474221161@qq.com。
基金资助:
科技部重点研发计划中医药现代化专项（2022YFC3501803）; 国家自然科学基金（NSFC,31702360）; 天津市淡水水产养殖创新团队（ITTFRS2021000）; 农业农村部微生物资源收集与保藏重点实验室开放基金（KLMRCP2021-12）; 天津市科技计划项目（21YDTPJC00680）; 天津市131创新人才培养计划（无编号）; 天津市大学生创新训练计划项目（202310061034）; 营养需求与饲料岗位（ITTFRS2022000-011）

Green breakthrough: Mechanisms and challenges of reducing aquaculture carbon emissions with Chinese herbal additives

Wang Yang^1,2, Gu Yanbing^1,2, Bai Dongqing^{1,Corresponding Author}, Zheng Hao^1,2, Zhang Guozhuang^{3,Corresponding Author}

1. College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China;
2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Tianjin 300392, China;
3. China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China

Received:2025-04-21 Online:2025-06-30 Published:2025-07-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水产养殖业的碳排放问题已成为制约其绿色转型的关键挑战,而中草药饲料添加剂因其多靶点调控特性与“碳中和”潜力,为构建低碳养殖模式提供了创新路径。本文系统总结了中草药添加剂降低水产养殖碳排放的“营养-病害-生态”三维作用机制,即：营养代谢优化、病害防控替代、水体生态调控。尽管现有研究已证实中草药在降低特定碳排放环节的效用,但其全生命周期碳足迹核算、规模化应用的经济性评估及标准化生产体系构建仍需深入探索。未来需通过多学科交叉研究（如代谢组学与生命周期评估方法结合）和政策激励,推动中草药技术从实验室向产业化跨越,助力水产养殖业实现“双碳”目标与可持续发展。

关键词: 中草药饲料添加剂, 低碳养殖模式, 营养代谢优化, 病害防控, 水体生态调控

Abstract: The carbon emissions problem in aquaculture has become a key challenge restricting its green transformation, and Chinese herbal feed additives provide an innovative path for building low-carbon aquaculture models due to their multi-target regulation characteristics and carbon neutrality potential. This article systematically reviews the role of Chinese herbal additives in reducing carbon emissions in aquaculture through the following mechanisms, including optimization of nutritional metabolism, substitution of disease prevention and control, and regulation of aquatic ecology. Although existing research has confirmed the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine in reducing specific carbon emissions, further exploration is needed for its full lifecycle carbon footprint accounting, economic evaluation of large-scale applications, and construction of standardized production systems. In the future, interdisciplinary research（such as the combination of metabolomics and LCA）and policy incentives are needed to promote the transition of Chinese herbal medicine technology from the laboratory to industrialization, and help the aquaculture industry achieve its “dual carbon” goals and sustainable development.

Key words: Chinese herbal feed additives, low carbon farming model, nutritional metabolism optimization, disease prevention and control, ecological regulation of water bodies

中图分类号:

S963

王洋, 顾彦冰, 白东清, 郑豪, 张国壮. 中草药添加剂削减水产养殖碳排放的机制及挑战[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2025, 32(3): 34-37.

Wang Yang, Gu Yanbing, Bai Dongqing, Zheng Hao, Zhang Guozhuang. Green breakthrough: Mechanisms and challenges of reducing aquaculture carbon emissions with Chinese herbal additives[J]. Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University, 2025, 32(3): 34-37.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: http://xuebao.tjau.edu.cn/CN/10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2025.03.007

http://xuebao.tjau.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V32/I3/34

参考文献

[1] 冯颖,曾雅,任同军. 双碳背景下国内外主流低碳水产养殖技术发展现状及对策研究[J]. 渔业研究,2023,45(6):603-613.
[2] 李雪,刘子飞,赵明军,等. 我国水产养殖与捕捞业“双碳”目标及实现路径[J]. 中国农业科技导报,2022,24(11):13-26.
[3] 王佳仪. “生态+智慧”让渔业“乘风破浪”[N]. 中国食品报,2025-03-25(6).
[4] LIN Z N,YE L,LI Z W,et al.Chinese herb feed additives improved the growth performance,meat quality,and nutrient digestibility parameters of pigs[J]. Animal Models and Experimental Medicine,2020,3(1):47-54.
[5] ZHU F.A review on the application of herbal medicines in the disease control of aquatic animals[J]. Aquaculture,2020,526:735422.
[6] LUO J,YANG R,MA F,et al.Recycling utilization of Chinese medicine herbal residues resources:Systematic evaluation on industrializable treatment modes[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2023,30(12):32153-32167.
[7] 李晨,李昊玉,孔海峥,等. 中国渔业生产系统隐含碳排放结构特征及驱动因素分解[J]. 资源科学,2021,43(6):1166-1177.
[8] 吴静颖. 中国淡水养殖碳排放效率研究[D]. 武汉:华中农业大学,2021.
[9] 孙克年. 淡水养殖减少碳排放的有效途径[J]. 科学养鱼,2022(1):81-82.
[10] 周立春. 中草药及其活性成分作为饲料添加剂对鱼类养殖的影响[J]. 新农民,2024(28):102-104.
[11] TADESE D A,SONG C,SUN C,et al.The role of currently used medicinal plants in aquaculture and their action mechanisms:A review[J]. Reviews in Aquaculture,2022,14(2):816-847.
[12] GONG X,LI X,BO A,et al.The interactions between gut microbiota and bioactive ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines:A review[J]. Pharmacological Research,2020,157:104824.
[13] ZHANG Y,BIAN Y,CUI Q,et al.Effect of dietary complex Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance,digestive enzyme activities in tissues and expression of genes involved in the digestive enzymes and antioxidant enzymes and bacterial challenge in Litopenaeus vannamei[J]. Aquaculture Research,2021,52(12):6741-6750.
[14] 黄春红,李婷,邓萍萍,等. 中草药及其提取物在水产动物养殖中的研究进展[J]. 饲料研究,2023,46(17):152-156.
[15] 王晓宁. 中草药在水产养殖业中的应用浅析[J]. 科学养鱼,2023(10):58-59.
[16] 刘海芳,王凡,张思琪,等. 复方中草药对虹鳟免疫保护力的影响[J]. 广东海洋大学学报,2022,42(1):7-12.
[17] 曲桂娟,张田雨,张笑颖,等. 复方中草药添加剂在黄金鲫日粮中适宜添加量的研究[J]. 饲料工业,2025,46(8):106-110.
[18] 李若铭,田佳鑫,王桂芹. 益生菌发酵中草药及其对水产动物影响的研究进展[J]. 科学养鱼,2021(9):51-53.
[19] MENG X,CAI H,LI H,et al.Clostridium butyricum- fermented Chinese herbal medicine enhances the immunity by modulating the intestinal microflora of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)[J]. Aquaculture,2023,562:738768.
[20] 贾晶莹. 水产养殖动物用诱食剂的种类与作用[J]. 农家参谋,2020(2):157.
[21] JANNATHULLA R,SRAVANTHI O,IMRAN KHAN H,et al.Chemoattractants:Their essentiality and efficacy in shrimp aquaculture[J]. Indian Journal of Fisheries,2021,68(1):151-159.
[22] 司雨豪,钟琦,周梦洁,等. 中草药饲料添加剂在养猪生产中的应用研究进展[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医,2024,(13):22-26.
[23] LI W,LI E,WANG S,et al.Comparative effects of four feed attractants on growth,appetite,digestion and absorption in juvenile Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)[J]. Aquaculture,2025,594:741441.
[24] CAI J,YANG Z,HUANG Y,et al.Effects of Chinese herbal medicines on growth performance,intestinal flora,immunity and serum metabolites of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatu♂)[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2023,140:108946.
[25] XU A,SHANG-GUAN J,LI Z,et al.Effects of dietary Chinese herbal medicines mixture on feeding attraction activity,growth performance,nonspecific immunity and digestive enzyme activity of Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus)[J]. Aquaculture Reports,2020,17:100304.
[26] 谭晓晨. 中草药复方制剂对团头鲂生长性能和非特异性免疫力的影响[D]. 南宁:广西大学,2020.
[27] CAO Z,COCK I E.Potential of traditional Chinese medicines to treat drug-resistant bacterial infections:A review[J]. Pharmacognosy Communications,2021,11(4):186-194.
[28] CHEN Z,YE S Y.Research progress on antiviral constituents in traditional Chinese medicines and their mechanisms of action[J]. Pharmaceutical Biology,2022,60(1):1063-1076.
[29] AHMADIFAR E,POURMOHAMMADI FALLAH H,YOUSEFI M,et al.The gene regulatory roles of herbal extracts on the growth,immune system,and reproduction of fish[J]. Animals,2021,11(8):2167.
[30] SHI X,JIA Y,ZHANG Z,et al.The effects of Chinese herbal feed additives on physiological health and detoxification ability in the red claw crayfish,Cherax quadricarinatus,and evaluation of their safety[J]. Aquaculture,2023,569:739394.
[31] ABD EL-HAMID M I,EL-SAYED M E,ALI A R,et al. Marjoram extract down-regulates the expression of Pasteurella multocida adhesion,colonization and toxin genes:A potential mechanism for its antimicrobial activity[J]. Comparative Immunology,Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,2019,62:101-108.
[32] ANGELA C,WANG W,LYU H,et al.The effect of dietary supplementation of Astragalus membranaceus and Bupleurum chinense on the growth performance,immune- related enzyme activities and genes expression in white shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei[J]. Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2020,107:379-384.
[33] LWASA A,MDEE O J,NTALIKWA J W,et al.Performance analysis of plant-based coagulants in water purification:A review[J]. Discover Water,2024,4(1):108.
[34] 劳锦程. 黄连对生物絮团养殖凡纳滨对虾效果的影响[D]. 上海:上海海洋大学,2023.
[35] 郑尧,杨晓曦,钱信宇,等. 中草药净水与抗菌效果研究[J]. 环境科学与技术,2020,43(1):222-228.
[36] 张立颖,郑琪,陈开宁,等. 中草药残渣微生物发酵法除去锰泥中锰的研究[J]. 环境科学与技术,2014,37(8):128-131.
[37] 汤菊芬,黄瑜,蔡佳,等. 中草药复合益生菌制剂对凡纳滨对虾生长、抗病力及水质的影响[J]. 广东海洋大学学报,2015,35(6):47-52.
[38] LI H,ZHOU X,GAO L,et al.Carbon footprint assessment and reduction strategies for aquaculture:A review[J]. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2025,56(1):e13117.
[39] 尚涛,薛喜军. 中草药饲料添加剂应用存在问题及发展方向[J]. 北方牧业,2023(5):21-22.
[40] TEGTMEIER M,KNIERIM L,SCHMIDT A,et al.Green manufacturing for herbal remedies with advanced pharmaceutical technology[J]. Pharmaceutics,2023,15(1):188.
[41] 周月明,刘意,刘丽,等. HN-AD菌群特性及其在水产养殖废水处理中的应用[J]. 工业水处理,2024,44(10):1-17.

中草药添加剂削减水产养殖碳排放的机制及挑战

Green breakthrough: Mechanisms and challenges of reducing aquaculture carbon emissions with Chinese herbal additives

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	韩志豪, 王振杰, 龚埜, 谢瑞涛, 陈乃松, 李松林. 水解猪肠黏膜及植物蛋白复合替代饲料鱼粉对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长性能、体组成和抗氧化能力的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2024, 31(5): 59-66.
[2]	韩鑫怡, 王庆奎, 姚雨馨, 韩妞妞, 刘黎瑶. 2种肉桂醛制剂对水产动物致病菌抑菌、杀菌效果比较[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2024, 31(5): 67-71.
[3]	陈斌, 郁二蒙, 孙金辉. 天然植物及其提取物对水产动物品质影响研究进展[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2023, 30(5): 67-73.
[4]	刘宏宇, 白东清, 陈丽如, 杨广. 水化温度和时间对渤海湾卤虫卵孵化的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2023, 30(4): 21-26.
[5]	尹靖凯, 卢正义, 张媛媛, 崔培, 乔秀亭, 程镇燕. 叶黄素和叶黄素酯对黄金锦鲤生长和体色的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2023, 30(2): 27-30.
[6]	周景, 黄亚冬, 周旋, 杨家岳, 乔秀亭, 程镇燕. 两种饵料和投喂频率对三疣梭子蟹生长、消化和免疫指标的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2021, 28(4): 41-46.
[7]	韩依笑, 汤雨, 郭立, 程镇燕, 孙金辉, 崔培, 乔秀亭. 不同糊精含量低氮饲料对鲤生长及生理生化指标的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2021, 28(1): 34-39.
[8]	马婷, 柴英辉, 贾旭颖, 高金伟, 窦勇, 邵蓬, 周文礼. 不同微藻饵料对卤虫生长及水环境变化的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2020, 27(4): 62-67.
[9]	杜汉宇, 葛成菲, 汪丽丽, 胡烨. 枯草芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及其特性研究[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2020, 27(3): 53-56.
[10]	葛婧, 郭永军, 王庆奎, 徐大为, 孙学亮, 陈成勋, 邢克智. 连翘、黄连、穿心莲对半滑舌鳎血液抗氧化指标的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2016, 23(4): 21-27.
[11]	雷五长, 李锦, 孙颖, 曲木, 李静辉, 程镇燕. 谷氨酰胺在体内和体外试验中对鲤免疫力影响的研究[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2016, 23(3): 35-38.
[12]	陈天翔, 曲木, 吕春双, 李嫦娥, 白东清, 孙金辉, 乔秀亭, 程镇燕. 饲料不同糖脂比对鲤鱼生长、免疫及抗氧化相关酶活性的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2016, 23(1): 5-5.
[13]	王常安, 徐奇友, 徐伟, 许红, 赵志刚, 罗亮, 苗建发, 王洋. 饲料蛋白质水平对大鳞鲃幼鱼消化酶活性的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2012, 19(3): 26-31.
[14]	赵冬艳, 李建国, 徐伟, 耿龙武, 宋巍. 唇鱼骨养殖池塘水环境因子的跟踪分析[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2012, 19(3): 44-51.
[15]	王一福, 韩明洋, 周胜杰, 陈旭, 付正祎, 杨蕊, 孟祥君, 马振华. 饲料大蒜素水平对尖吻鲈消化酶、肝脏免疫酶活性的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2019, 26(4): 71-76.