对虾肠道微囊藻毒素厌氧降解菌的分离鉴定及其降解性能比较分析

doi:10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2025.05.009

天津农学院学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 57-63.doi: 10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2025.05.009

对虾肠道微囊藻毒素厌氧降解菌的分离鉴定及其降解性能比较分析

黄静娴, 吴限, 王晓琳, 陈益文, 戴伟^通信作者

天津农学院水产学院,天津 300392

收稿日期:2025-05-19 发布日期:2025-11-12
通讯作者: 戴伟（1977—）,女,副教授,博士,主要从事养殖水域生态学研究。E-mail：daiweitj@126.com。
作者简介:黄静娴（2004—）,女,本科在读,研究方向：蓝藻水华污染防治。E-mail：1726418158@qq.com。
基金资助:
天津市教委科研计划项目（2020ZD06）

Isolation, identification and comparative analysis of the degradation performance of anaerobic microcystins-degrading bacteria from shrimp intestine

Huang Jingxian, Wu Xian, Wang Xiaolin, Chen Yiwen, Dai Wei^{Corresponding Author}

College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China

Received:2025-05-19 Published:2025-11-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为降低养殖水环境中微囊藻毒素（Microcystins,MCs）污染对对虾的毒害作用,本研究从发生微囊藻水华的养殖池塘对虾肠道中,通过选择性富集培养方法分离获得5株MCs厌氧降解菌株。采用形态学观察、生理生化特性分析及16S rRNA基因序列比对方法对菌株进行鉴定,并比较其降解性能。结果表明,5株MCs厌氧降解菌株经鉴定分别为：海藻希瓦氏菌（Shewanella algae）、黏质沙雷氏菌（Serratia marcescens）、无丙二酸柠檬酸杆菌（Citrobacter amalonaticus）、墨西哥微小杆菌（Exiguobacterium mexicanum）和弯曲芽孢杆菌（Bacillus flexus）。5株菌株对MCs降解率由高到低依次为：弯曲芽孢杆菌>墨西哥微小杆菌>黏质沙雷氏菌>无丙二酸柠檬酸杆菌>海藻希瓦氏菌。其中,4.5×10⁸CFU/mL弯曲芽孢杆菌和墨西哥微小杆菌在48 h内可完全降解390.17 μg/L MCs,相同条件下黏质沙雷氏菌完全降解MCs需要72 h。5株菌株中弯曲芽孢杆菌及黏质沙雷氏菌可作为潜在饲料添加剂应用于对虾养殖中MCs污染防控。

关键词: 对虾, 微囊藻毒素, 厌氧降解, 菌株, 分离, 鉴定

Abstract: To mitigate the toxic effects of microcystin（MCs）pollution in aquaculture waters on shrimp, this study isolated five anaerobic MCs-degrading bacterial strains from the intestines of shrimp cultured in Microcystis-blooming pond through selective enrichment culture. The strains were identified using morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characterization, and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, followed by evaluation of their degradation performance. Results showed that five MCs-degrading strains were identified as Shewanella algae, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Exiguobacterium mexicanum, and Bacillus flexus. The MCs-degrading efficiency of the five strains followed the descending order: B. flexus>E. mexicanum>S. marcescens>C. amalonaticus>S. algae. Under an initial MCs concentration of 390.17 μg/L,B. flexus and E. mexicanum （4.5×10⁸ CFU/mL） achieved complete MCs degradation within 48 h, while S. marcescens（at the same cell density）required 72 h for complete degradation. Among the five bacteria strains, B. flexus and S. marcescens show potential as feed additives for MCs pollution control in shrimp aquaculture.

Key words: shrimp, microcystins, anaerobic degradation, bacterial strain, isolation, identification

中图分类号:

S949

黄静娴, 吴限, 王晓琳, 陈益文, 戴伟. 对虾肠道微囊藻毒素厌氧降解菌的分离鉴定及其降解性能比较分析[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2025, 32(5): 57-63.

Huang Jingxian, Wu Xian, Wang Xiaolin, Chen Yiwen, Dai Wei. Isolation, identification and comparative analysis of the degradation performance of anaerobic microcystins-degrading bacteria from shrimp intestine[J]. Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University, 2025, 32(5): 57-63.

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http://xuebao.tjau.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V32/I5/57

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对虾肠道微囊藻毒素厌氧降解菌的分离鉴定及其降解性能比较分析

Isolation, identification and comparative analysis of the degradation performance of anaerobic microcystins-degrading bacteria from shrimp intestine

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