天津农学院学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 41-46.doi: 10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2021.04.010

• 研究与简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

两种饵料和投喂频率对三疣梭子蟹生长、消化和免疫指标的影响

周景1, 黄亚冬2, 周旋1, 杨家岳1, 乔秀亭1, 程镇燕1,通信作者   

  1. 1.天津农学院 水产学院 天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津 300392;
    2.天津市海升水产养殖有限公司,天津,300270
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-08 出版日期:2021-12-31 发布日期:2022-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 程镇燕(1981—),女,副教授,博士,主要从事水产动物营养与饲料方面的研究。E-mail:chengzhenyan2005@126.com。
  • 作者简介:周景(1997—),男,本科在读,主要从事水产动物营养与饲料的研究。E-mail:z.jing.1997@qq.com。共同第一作者:黄亚冬(1986—),男,工程师,硕士,从事虾蟹苗种繁育及养殖工作。E-mail:yadong6666@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市科技局优秀特派员项目(20ZYCGSN00360)

Effects of two kinds of diets and feeding frequency on growth, digestion and immune response of Portunus trituberculatus

Zhou Jing1, Huang Yadong2, Zhou Xuan1, Yang Jiayue1, Qiao Xiuting1, Cheng Zhenyan1,Corresponding Author   

  1. 1. Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China;
    2. Tianjin Haisheng Aquaculture Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300270, China
  • Received:2021-04-08 Online:2021-12-31 Published:2022-01-05

摘要: 为研究不同饵料和投喂频率对三疣梭子蟹生长、消化和免疫指标的影响,以初始体重(75.8±16.8)g的三疣梭子蟹为研究对象,采用双因素试验设计,选用蓝蛤、黑水虻幼虫为饵料,投喂频率分别为2次/d和3次/d,将36只三疣梭子蟹,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复3只,正式试验为期28 d。结果显示:投喂频率和饵料类型对三疣梭子蟹增重率、特定生长率均没有显著影响,投喂黑水虻对肝胰腺指数有显著提高(P<0.05);投喂频率和饵料类型对三疣梭子蟹蛋白酶活力、纤维素酶活力均存在显著影响(P<0.05),投喂频率对淀粉酶活力也存在显著影响 (P<0.05);投喂频率和饵料类型对三疣梭子蟹酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活力、总超氧岐化酶(T-SOD)活力都没有显著影响,饵料类型和投喂频率对碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力产生影响显著(P<0.05),饵料类型对过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力有显著影响,投喂黑水虻的处理组显著高于投喂蓝蛤的两组 (P<0.05)。综上可知,投喂频率对三疣梭子蟹生长性能的影响差异不显著;相比投喂蓝蛤,投喂黑水虻幼虫对三疣梭子蟹生长性能没有显著影响,对非特异性免疫能力有促进作用,黑水虻幼虫替代蓝蛤投喂三疣梭子蟹具有一定可行性。

关键词: 三疣梭子蟹, 黑水虻, 生长性能, 消化酶, 非特异性免疫

Abstract: A 28 d feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of different diets and feeding frequency on the growth, digestion and immune indexes of Portunus trituberculatus. A two-factor experimental design was adopted with Aloididae aloidis and black soldier fly larvae as baits and the feeding frequency set as twice/d and 3 times/d, respectively. 36 crabs with an initial weight of (75.8±16.8) g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 3 crabs in each replicate. The results showed that feeding frequency and diet type did not significantly affect the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of Portunus trituberculatus. Feeding black soldier fly significantly increased the hepatopancreas index(P<0.05). The protease and cellulase activity of crab were significantly influenced by feeding frequency and diet type(P<0.05), and the feeding frequency also affected the amylase activity(P<0.05). The feeding frequency and diet type did not influence the acid phosphatase(ACP)and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity of crab, but showed a significant effect on the activity of alkaline phosphatase(AKP)(P<0.05). Also, the diet type showed a significant effect on the Catalase(CAT)activity, which was higher in crab fed with black soldier fly than that fed with aloididae aloidis(P<0.05). In conclusion, feeding frequency did not significantly affect the growth performance of Portunus trituberculatus. There was no significant effect on the growth performance of Portunus trituberculatus no matter when fed with black soldier fly larvae or Aloididae aloidis. However, the non-specific immunity of crab fed with black soldier fly larvae improved. Generally, it was possible in practice to feed Portunus trituberculatus with Black soldier fly larvae instead of Aloididae aloidis.

Key words: Portunus trituberculatus, black soldier fly, growth performance, digestive enzymes, non-specific immunity

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