天津农学院学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 1-6.doi: 10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2020.04.001

• 研究与简报 •    下一篇

不同施肥处理下水稻根系与稻米品质的关系研究

尚振西1a, 边嘉宾1a,1b,通信作者, 陈帅君1a, 孙瑞祥2   

  1. 1.天津农学院 a.农学与资源环境学院,b.科技处,天津 300392;
    2.天津台格土宝农业科技有限公司,天津 301711
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-10 出版日期:2020-12-31 发布日期:2020-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 边嘉宾(1977—),男,副研究员,博士,主要从事水稻有机栽培和品质、食味育种方面的研究。E-mail:bjb20042002@163.com。
  • 作者简介:尚振西(1997—),男,本科在读,主要从事水稻栽培方面的研究。E-mail:1126458333@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市一二三产业融合发展科技示范工程项目(18ZXYENC00140); 天津市农村科技帮扶工程项目(18ZXBFNC00330); 天津市企业科技特派员项目(19JCTPJC60500); 天津市高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201810061129)

Relationship between rice root system and rice quality under different fertilization treatments

Shang Zhenxi1a, Bian Jiabin1a,1b,Corresponding Author, Chen Shuaijun1a, Sun Ruixiang2   

  1. 1. Tianjin Agricultural University, a. College of Agronomy and Resources Environment, b. Department of Scientific Research, Tianjin 300392, China;
    2. Tianjin Taige Tubao Agricultural Technology Co. Ltd., Tianjin 301711, China
  • Received:2020-08-10 Online:2020-12-31 Published:2020-12-25

摘要: 根系是吸收养分及水分的主要器官,根系形态与活性影响水稻的生长发育、产量及品质形成。为探讨水稻根系形态与稻米品质的关系,选取优质稻米品种‘津原E28’为试验材料,采用盆栽方法设置7个处理,研究在不同施肥处理条件下,水稻在3个主要时期的根系形态与稻米品质的关系。结果表明:在水稻最高分蘖期,施用复合肥处理的根尖数与对照组有明显差异,二次支梗糙米率与根尖数呈极显著负相关,且一次支梗籽粒的直链淀粉含量、二次支梗籽粒的直链淀粉含量与根尖数呈显著负相关,施用复合肥处理的一次支梗籽粒的直链淀粉含量比对照组减少了2.8%;在灌浆期,二次支梗籽粒的直链淀粉含量与水稻根系体积呈显著正相关。表明稻米品质受根系形态的影响,在最高分蘖期,稻米品质会随根尖数的增加而有所提升;而在灌浆期,稻米品质则随根系继续生长而降低。从施肥情况来看,施用复合肥的水稻长势最好,且稻米的品质也相对较好,但无机肥施用过多会对土壤和植物造成一定的负面影响。今后,还应在有机肥和无机肥配合施用对水稻产量和品质的影响方面作进一步研究。

关键词: 水稻, 根系形态, 施肥处理, 品质, 食味

Abstract: In this experiment, the high quality rice variety ‘Jinyuan E28’ was selected as the experimental material. Seven treatments were set up by potted rice method to study the relationship between root morphology and rice quality in three main stages under different fertilization treatments. The results showed that at the highest tillering stage of rice, the brown rice rate of secondary branch was negatively correlated with the number of root tips, and the amylose content in primary branch and secondary branch was negatively correlated with the number of root tips. The amylose content in primary branch of rice treated with compound fertilizer decreased by 2.8% compared with the control group. At grain filling stage, amylose content in secondary branches of rice was positively correlated with root volume, which indicated that the quality of rice was affected by root morphology. Therefore, at the highest tillering stage of rice, the quality of rice will be improved with the increase of root tips, while at the filling stage, the quality of rice will decrease with the continuous growth of root system.

Key words: rice, root morphology, fertilization treatment, quality, palatability

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