光氮及其互作对拔节期玉米光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

doi:10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2026.05.003

天津农学院学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 17-25.doi: 10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2026.05.003

光氮及其互作对拔节期玉米光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

张顺¹, 郑晴¹, 吴云², 刘金凤², 周培禄^{1,通信作者}, 唐贤¹

1.天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津 300392;
2.天津市武清区农业发展服务中心,天津 301700

收稿日期:2025-03-28 发布日期:2026-11-02
通讯作者: 周培禄（1990—）,男,讲师,博士,主要从事作物逆境生理研究。E-mail：zhpeilu@163.com。
作者简介:张顺（2004—）,男,本科在读,研究方向：作物栽培生理。E-mail：1356791070@qq.com。
基金资助:
天津市教委科研计划项目（2023KJ006）; 天津市高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202410061084,202310061241）

Effects of light and nitrogen interaction on photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in maize during the jointing stage

Zhang Shun¹, Zheng Qing¹, Wu Yun², Liu Jinfeng², Zhou Peilu^{1,Corresponding Author}, Tang Xian¹

1. College of Agronomy and Resource Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China;
2. Tianjin Wuqing District Agricultural Development Service Center, Tianjin 301700, China

Received:2025-03-28 Published:2026-11-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究光照、氮肥及其互作对拔节期玉米生长和光合生理的影响,以‘郑单958’（ZD958）和‘先玉335’（XY335）为试验材料,设置2个氮肥施用水平（0、150 kg/hm²）和2个光照处理（80%遮阴和自然光）,系统分析拔节期弱光及氮素供应下玉米叶片光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的变化特征。结果表明,与对照（N1）相比,低氮（N0）、遮阴（SN1）和低氮+遮阴（SN0）处理下,两个品种的叶面积、干物质积累量、净光合速率（P_n）、胞间CO₂浓度（C_i）和气孔导度（G_s）均下降,叶绿素相对含量（SPAD值）在N0、SN1处理下降低,而在SN0处理10 d后升高。与对照处理相比,胁迫后OJIP曲线K点荧光变化显著,‘XY335’的K点荧光强度增强,增幅表现为SN1>SN0>N0;‘ZD958’的K点荧光强度降低,降幅表现为SN0>SN1>N0。进一步分析表明,相较于对照,低氮处理下‘XY335’的ABS/RC、DIo/RC、TRo/RC和ETo/RC等升高,而‘ZD958’降低;在遮阴和低氮+遮阴处理下两品种上述参数均下降。PSⅡ性能参数中,φ_Po、φ_Eo和ψ_Eo在各胁迫处理下品种间无显著差异;低氮处理下‘XY335’的φ_Ro、δ_Ro升高,‘ZD958’降低;遮阴和低氮+遮阴处理下两个品种的φ_Ro、δ_Ro总体降低,PI_ABS总体升高。综上,在低氮、遮阴及其复合胁迫下,玉米通过调控PSⅡ供/受体侧活性与反应中心能量分配平衡电子传递,这是光合能力调控及品种抗逆性差异的重要原因。

关键词: 玉米, 弱光, 氮肥, 光合特性, 叶绿素荧光参数

Abstract: To investigate the effects of light intensity, nitrogen application and their interaction on maize growth and photosynthetic physiology during the jointing stage, a study was conducted using two maize cultivars（‘ZD958’ and ‘XY335’）under two nitrogen levels（0 kg/hm² and 150 kg/hm²）and two shading treatments（80% shading vs. natural light）. The results showed that compared to the control（N1 treatment）, low nitrogen（N0）, shading（SN1）and combined low nitrogen+shading（SN0）treatments significantly reduced leaf area, dry matter accumulation, net photosynthetic rate（P_n）, intercellular CO₂ concentration（C_i）and stomatal conductance（G_s）in both cultivars. SPAD values decreased under N0 and SN1 treatments, but increased after 10 days under SN0. The K-point of OJIP curves showed changes under stress treatments: fluorescence intensity at the K-point increased in ‘XY335’（SN1>SN0>N0）, whereas it decreased in ‘ZD958’（SN0>SN1>N0）. Further analysis showed that parameters such as ABS/RC, DIo/RC, TRo/RC and ETo/RC increased in ‘XY335’ under low N stress, but decreased in ‘ZD958’. Both cultivars showed reduced parameters under shading and combined treatments. Among the PSII performance parameters, φ_Po, φ_Eoand ψ_Eo showed no significant differences among treatments and cultivars. Under low N stress, ‘XY335’ showed increased φ_Roand δ_Ro, while ‘ZD958’ showed the opposite trend. Under shade and combined treatments, φ_Roand δ_Ro generally decreased while PI_ABS generally increased in both cultivars. In summary, under low nitrogen, shading, and their combination, maize balances electron transport by regulating PSII donor/acceptor-side activities and reaction-center energy allocation, which is an important reason for the regulation of photosynthetic capacity and varietal differences in stress tolerance.

Key words: maize, weak light, nitrogen, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters

中图分类号:

S513

张顺, 郑晴, 吴云, 刘金凤, 周培禄, 唐贤. 光氮及其互作对拔节期玉米光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2026, 33(5): 17-25.

Zhang Shun, Zheng Qing, Wu Yun, Liu Jinfeng, Zhou Peilu, Tang Xian. Effects of light and nitrogen interaction on photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in maize during the jointing stage[J]. Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University, 2026, 33(5): 17-25.

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http://xuebao.tjau.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V33/I5/17

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光氮及其互作对拔节期玉米光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

Effects of light and nitrogen interaction on photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in maize during the jointing stage

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