天津农学院学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 78-83.doi: 10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2023.04.014

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

新建温室土壤培肥技术及应用研究进展

王威, 卢树昌通信作者   

  1. 天津农学院 农学与资源环境学院,天津 300392
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-27 出版日期:2023-08-31 发布日期:2023-11-01
  • 通讯作者: 卢树昌(1970—),男,博士,教授,主要从事农田土壤质量与植物营养的教学与科研工作。E-mail:lsc9707@163.com。
  • 作者简介:王威(1997—),男,硕士在读,从事农田土壤与作物生长环境关系方面的研究。E-mail:wangwei2020yan@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市重点研发计划科技支撑重点项目(19YFZCSN00290); 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0801006)

Research progress on soil fertility improvement technology and application in new greenhouse

Wang Wei, Lu Shuchang   

  1. College of Agronomy and Resource Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
  • Received:2022-01-27 Online:2023-08-31 Published:2023-11-01

摘要: 随着设施农业的快速发展,新建温室的规模越来越大,但新建温室的土壤地力与设施高效生产的要求存在很大差距。本文从新建温室的土壤肥力评价指标、不同土壤培肥技术以及存在的问题等方面进行了系统研究。结果表明,新建温室肥力评价可以参考有机质、全氮、有效磷钾、pH、土壤酶、微生量碳氮等指标。以畜禽粪、调理剂施用与绿肥翻压等有机培肥应用技术在新建温室地力提升方面效果比较稳定、持续和全面;以化肥施用为主的无机培肥应用技术是目前新建温室土壤有效养分快速提升的重要途径;而有机无机结合培肥技术集中了二者的优点,成为温室培肥中普遍选择的技术措施。但目前新建温室土壤培肥存在培肥过度与培肥不足并存、施肥结构失衡、土壤肥力评价因子研究不够深入等问题。提出了新建温室土壤培肥应构建稳定、持续、有效的供肥保肥系统,以生物培肥、高效调理材料应用、有机无机结合等合理高效的土壤培肥技术研究是今后提高土壤培肥质量考虑的主要方向。本研究可为新建温室土壤质量提升、促进设施农业可持续发展提供 参考。

关键词: 新建温室, 土壤培肥, 技术应用, 研究进展

Abstract: With the rapid development of facility agriculture, the scale proportion of new greenhouses is increasing, but there is a big gap between the soil fertility of new greenhouses and the requirements of facility efficient production. This paper makes a systematic and comprehensive study on the evaluation index of soil fertility, different soil fertilization techniques and existing problems of the new greenhouse. The results showed that the evaluation of new greenhouse fertility could refer to organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium, pH, soil enzymes, micro biomass carbon and nitrogen and other indicators. The effect of organic fertilizer application technologies such as livestock and poultry manure, conditioner application and green manure turning and pressing on the improvement of soil fertility of new greenhouses is relatively stable, sustainable and comprehensive. The application technology of inorganic fertilizer based on the application of chemical fertilizer is an important way for the rapid improvement of soil available nutrients in new greenhouses. Organic-inorganic combined fertilization techno- logy integrates the advantages of the above two and has become a widely selected technical measure in greenhouse fertilization. At the same time, it is pointed out that there are some problems in soil fertility in the new greenhouse, such as the coexistence of excessive and insufficient fertility, the imbalance of fertilization structure, and the lack of in-depth research on soil fertility evaluation factors. Finally, it is proposed that building a stable, sustainable and effective fertilizer supply and retention system should be the most important for soil fertility in the new greenhouse. The research on reasonable and efficient soil fertility technology such as biological fertility, application of high-efficiency conditioning materials and combination of organic and inorganic is the main direction to improve the quality of soil fertility in the future. It can provide a reference for improving soil quality in new greenhouses and promoting the sustainable development of facility agriculture.

Key words: new greenhouse, soil fertility, technology application, research progress

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