Abstract: In order to accelerate the cultivation for better fruit quality and earlier maturity, the characters of growth and development in sweet cherry were researched under the greenhouses, with different treatment to different varieties (SUM, BLACK, EBF, RED, MZ, AM), rootstocks（Joe of the anvil, dwarfing rootstock） and soil by analyzing the phenophase, long shoot percent（>15 cm）,the number of short shoots and phyllome shoots. The results show that BLACK and SUM began to germinate on March 9, and EBF began on March 11. The leaf expansion of SUM and BLACK began 11 to 13 days later after germination, which was earlier than EBF. Flower buds of SUM and EBF opened on May 23-25, and blossomed 3 to 5days later, with 5~7 days persistence. So, SUM and EBF had better characters of early fruiting. The long shoot percent of SUM grown in neutral soil and alkaline soil was 13.9% and 31.5% respectively, while that of EBF was 11.6% and 35.5% respectively. The long shoot percent of SUM and RED grafted on dwarf rootstock was higher than that on vigorous stock, but the difference was a little. The percent of long shoots grown in neutral soil was MZ 45.4%, SUM 33.6%, AM 28.9%, RED 19.8%, BLACK 16.9% in turn. The average numbers of short shoots and phyllome shoots were obviously different among 5 varieties, and the highest was BLACK, the lowest was MZ.

Key words: phenophase: short shoot, shoot percent, phyllome shoot, early fruiting character