天津农学院学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 1-8.doi: 10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2025.04.001

• •    下一篇

天津海域人工鱼礁区浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系研究

姜智飞1, 于洁1, 高金伟2, 张丹娜1, 李彤1, 周文礼2,通信作者   

  1. 1.天津市农业生态环境监测与农产品质量检测中心,天津 300193;
    2.天津农学院 水产学院 天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津 300392
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-27 发布日期:2025-09-02
  • 通讯作者: 周文礼(1969—),男,研究员,博士,研究方向:水域生态学和微藻资源利用与研究。E-mail:wenlizhou@tjau.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:姜智飞(1992—),男,助理农艺师,硕士,主要从事渔业资源与环境研究。E-mail:15510914751@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市科技计划项目(24ZYCGSN01420);天津市财政专项(无编号)

Plankton community structure characteristics and its realtionship with environmental factors at the artificial reefs in Tianjin waters of the Bohai Bay

Jiang Zhifei1, Yu Jie1, Gao Jinwei2, Zhang Danna1, Li Tong1, Zhou Wenli2,Corresponding Author   

  1. 1. Tianjin Agricultural Ecological Environment Monitoring and Agricultural Product Quality Testing Center, Tianjin 300193, China;
    2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
  • Received:2025-01-27 Published:2025-09-02

摘要: 基于2022年渤海湾天津海域人工鱼礁区春季(5月)、夏季(8月)和秋季(10月)浮游植物群落调查资料,开展人工鱼礁区浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子变化趋势关系的分析研究。结果表明,2022年鱼礁区和对照区的浮游植物密度、多样性指数(H’)、丰富度指数(D)和均匀性指数(J)分别为:春季鱼礁区为0.54×104cell/m3、1.10、0.31、0.61,对照区0.55×104cell/m3、1.30、0.36、0.67;夏季鱼礁区为2.51×104cell/m3、2.62、0.70、0.90,对照区4.84×104cell/m3、2.65、0.63、0.90;秋季鱼礁区为1.30×104cell/m3、2.26、0.44、0.96,对照区1.23×104cell/m3、2.31、0.48、0.95。由此可见,人工鱼礁在一定程度上提高了浮游植物群落多样性,但随着投放时间的延长,礁体内淤泥堆积减弱了人工鱼礁对浮游植物生长繁殖的促进作用。RDA分析结果显示,影响渤海湾天津海域鱼礁区浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子春季为温度、盐度、pH和氨氮;夏季为温度、总磷、溶解氧和亚硝酸盐;秋季为总氮、总磷和氨氮。

关键词: 天津海域, 人工鱼礁, 浮游植物, 环境因子, 冗余分析

Abstract: In order to better describe the community structure of phytoplankton in the Tianjin waters of the Bohai Bay and its relationship with major environmental factors, three cruise surveys were conducted in 2022, including the spring(May), summer (August), and autumn(October)of 2022. The results showed that in the spring, the abundance, Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’), Margalef index(D), and Pielou index(J)of phytoplankton in the reef area were 0.54×104 cell/m3, 1.10, 0.31, and 0.61, respectively, while those in the control area were 0.55×104 cell/m3, 1.30, 0.36, and 0.67, respectively. The abundance, Shannon- Wiener diversity index, Margalef index, and Pielou index of phytoplankton in the summer reef area were 2.51×104 cell/m3, 2.62, 0.70, and 0.90, respectively, while those in the control area were 4.84×104 cell/m3, 2.65, 0.63, and 0.90, respectively. The abundance, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef index, and Pielou index of phytoplankton in the autumn reef area were 1.30×104 cell/m3, 2.26, 0.44, and 0.96, respectively, while those in the control area were 1.23×104 cell/m3, 2.31, 0.48, and 0.95, respectively. The results indicated that the construction of artificial reefs had an effect in improving the diversity of phytoplankton but weakened the promotion of phytoplankton growth and reproduction with the extension of deployment time. The results of RDA showed that the main environmental factors affecting the community structure of phytoplankton in the Tianjin sea area of Bohai Bay in spring were temperature, salinity, pH, and ammonia nitrogen, while in summer they were temperature, total phosphorus, DO, and nitrite, and in autumn they were total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen.

Key words: Tianjin waters, artificial reefs, plankton, environmental factors, redundancy analysis

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