关键词: 高粱, 产量性状, 遗传分析

Abstract: In this experiment, the F₂ population obtained from the cross between the domestic Sorghum bicolor variety ‘Xinliang 52' and the Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf line ‘Meiyin-48' was used as the test material to determine and analyze the four yield traits of single plant grain weight, hulling rate, 1 000-grain weight and ear weight, mixture model of major gene plus polygene was used for genetic analysis to determine the most suitable genetic model for each trait, calculate the heritability of the major gene, and analyze the genetic law of each trait. The test results showed that model B_2 was the most suitable model for single-plant kernel weight, with a major gene heritability rate of 76.38%; the best models for the three traits of hulling rate, thousand-grain weight and ear weight were all model B_1, which was affected by two pairs of major genes. In the controlled additive-dominant-epistatic mixed inheritance model, their major gene heritability rates were 61.25%, 52.85% and 49.81%, respectively. Among these four traits, the heritability of grain weight per plant is the highest, indicating that the trait has a strong ability to be inherited stably to offspring, but the heritability of ear weight was low, indicating that ear weight is more affected by environmental factors, and that the ability of stable inheritance is weak. Therefore, selection of Sorghum bicolor with ear weight traits should be carried out in the higher generation.

Key words: Sorghum bicolor, yield traits, genetic analysis