水分处理对膜下滴灌花生耗水及水分利用效率的影响

doi:10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2026.05.010

天津农学院学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 68-73.doi: 10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2026.05.010

水分处理对膜下滴灌花生耗水及水分利用效率的影响

贺嘉琪, 张琪琪, 肖秉轩, 陈军伟, 申孝军, 解咏平^通信作者

天津农学院水利工程学院,天津 300392

收稿日期:2025-06-17 发布日期:2026-11-02
通讯作者: 解咏平（1979—）,男,教授,博士,主要从事水利水电方面的研究。E-mail：axypa@163.com。
作者简介:贺嘉琪（2005—）,女,硕士在读,主要从事节水灌溉理论方面的研究。E-mail：m18808588126@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（52179052）; 国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202410061017）

Effects of different water treatments on water consumption and water use efficiency of peanut under mulched drip irrigation

He Jiaqi, Zhang Qiqi, Xiao Bingxuan, Chen Junwei, Shen Xiaojun, Xie Yongping^{Corresponding Author}

College of Water Conservancy Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China

Received:2025-06-17 Published:2026-11-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究不同灌水定额对新疆膜下滴灌花生生长及水分利用的影响,并为区域花生节水高产栽培提供依据,于2022—2023年在新疆农业科学院安宁渠综合试验场两年共设置4个灌水处理,分别记为W₀、W₁、W₂、W₃,重点研究了不同水分处理对花生生长、产量及耗水特性的影响。结果表明：W₂处理（田间持水量70%~80%）较W₁显著促进了植株生长,主茎高度提升3.13%~33.16%;2023年W₂处理花针期至饱果期叶面积指数较W₁提高9.59%~68.98%。全生育期耗水呈“中间高、两头低”的特征,花针期和结荚期耗水占比达56.16%~72.17%,为需水关键期。W₃处理虽增加了主茎高,但结荚期叶面积指数不增反降（降幅1.02%）,2023年荚果产量较W₂下降2.1%。灌水定额极显著影响产量形成（P<0.01）,W₂处理较W₁增产17.13%~27.16%,水分利用效率提高4.92%~11.93%。综上,新疆膜下滴灌花生生育期宜实施动态水分调控,重点保障花针期和结荚期水分供给,推荐生育期灌溉定额为376.70~394.74 mm,可实现产量5 297.35~5 528.28 kg/hm²与水分高效利用的协同提升。

关键词: 膜下滴灌, 水分调控, 花生, 耗水规律, 水分利用效率

Abstract: To study the effects of different irrigation quota per application on the growth and water use under mulched drip irrigation in Xinjiang and to provide a basis for regional water-saving and high-yield peanut cultivation, four irrigation treatments, W₀, W₁, W₂, and W₃, were established at the experimental field of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2022-2023 to systematically analyze the growth indexes, water consumption characteristics and yield response of peanut. The W₂treatment（70%-80% of field water holding capacity）significantly promoted plant growth compared with W₁: the height of the main stem increased by 3.13%-33.16%; in 2023, the leaf area index of W₂ treatment increased by 9.59%-68.98% compared with W₁ treatment from flowering stage to full fruit stage, and the water consumption in the whole growth period was characterized by ‘high in the middle and low at both ends’. The water consumption in the flower pegging stage and pod-setting stage accounted for 56.16%-72.17%, which was the key period of water demand. Although W₃ treatment increased the main stem height, the leaf area index at pod-setting stage decreased by 1.02% instead of increasing, and the pod yield decreased by 2.1% in 2023 compared with that of W₂. Irrigation quota per application significantly affected yield formation（P<0.01）, with the W₂ treatment increasing yields by 17.13%-27.16% and water use efficiency by 4.92%-11.93% compared with W₁. It is advisable to implement dynamic water regulation during the growth period of peanut under drip irrigation in Xinjiang, focusing on guaranteeing the water supply during the flower pegging stage and pod-setting stage, a seasonal total irrigation quota of 376.70-394.74 mm is recommended to achieve the coordinated improvement of yield of 5 297.35-5 528.28 kg/hm²and efficient water utilization.

Key words: mulched drip irrigation, water regulation, peanut, water consumption pattern, water use efficiency

中图分类号:

贺嘉琪, 张琪琪, 肖秉轩, 陈军伟, 申孝军, 解咏平. 水分处理对膜下滴灌花生耗水及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2026, 33(5): 68-73.

He Jiaqi, Zhang Qiqi, Xiao Bingxuan, Chen Junwei, Shen Xiaojun, Xie Yongping. Effects of different water treatments on water consumption and water use efficiency of peanut under mulched drip irrigation[J]. Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University, 2026, 33(5): 68-73.

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水分处理对膜下滴灌花生耗水及水分利用效率的影响

Effects of different water treatments on water consumption and water use efficiency of peanut under mulched drip irrigation

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