不同种植密度和空间布局方式对夏玉米灌浆速率和籽粒品质的影响

天津农学院学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 9-12.

不同种植密度和空间布局方式对夏玉米灌浆速率和籽粒品质的影响

王萌, 陈国强, 金海燕, 韩晨光, 臧凤艳, 李子芳, 王金龙, 吴锡冬^*

天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津 300384

收稿日期:2015-09-08 发布日期:2015-12-31
通讯作者: 天津市高等学校创新团队培养计划项目“作物品质及抗逆性的遗传改良”（TD12-5017）; 中央财政农业技术推广与服务项目“天津市玉米高密度空间布局种植方式示范与推广”（20131507）
作者简介:王萌（1990-）,女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,硕士在读,主要从事玉米栽培生理研究。E-mail：wmsprout@126.com。
基金资助:
吴锡冬（1962-）,男,重庆市人,教授,硕士,主要从事作物栽培与耕作学研究。E-mail：wuxidong@tjau.edu.cn。

Effects of Different Planting Densities and Row Spacing Modes on Filling Rate and Grain Quality of Summer Maize

WANG Meng, CHEN Guo-qiang, JIN Hai-yan, HAN Chen-guang, ZANG Feng-yan, LI Zi-fang, WANG Jin-long, WU Xi-dong^*

College of Agronomy and Resource Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China

Received:2015-09-08 Published:2015-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用裂区试验设计,研究了不同种植密度和空间布局方式对夏玉米品种郑单958灌浆速率和籽粒品质的影响。4种种植密度分别为9.3、8.1、6.9和5.7万株/hm²,3种空间布局方式分别为等行距1穴1株、等行距1穴3株和宽窄行1穴3株。结果表明：随着种植密度的提高,籽粒灌浆过程并未受到显著影响,同一种植密度下,不同空间布局方式一定程度上影响了籽粒灌浆。种植密度和空间布局方式对玉米籽粒粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量没有显著影响,但高种植密度（9.3万株/hm²）能够显著降低籽粒可溶性糖和蔗糖含量,宽窄行1穴3株种植方式可以显著降低籽粒蔗糖含量。因此,可根据玉米消费者对产量和品质的需求进行相应种植密度和空间布局方式的调整,以提高玉米生产的经济效益。

关键词: 夏玉米, 灌浆过程, 籽粒品质, 种植密度, 空间布局

Abstract: In this paper, a split-plot experiment was designed to study the effects of different planting densities and row spacing modes on filling rate and grain quality of a summer maize variety ZD958. Four planting densities were 93 000, 81 000, 69 000 and 57 000 plants/hm², respectively. Three row spacing modes were one plant per spot with equal row, three plants per spot with equal row and three plants per spot with wide and narrow row, respectively. The results indicate that grain filling process did not significantly change with planting density increase while row spacing mode probably affected grain filling under the same planting density. Neither planting density nor row spacing significantly influenced crude protein and fat content, while higher planting density, such as 93 000 plants/hm², could significantly decrease soluble sugar content and sucrose content. The cropping pattern of three plants per spot with wide and narrow row could significantly decrease sucrose content. Therefore, it was concluded that in order to increase the economic benefits of maize production, the planting density and row spacing mode should be adjusted in accordance with the requirement for yield or quality in practice.

Key words: summer maize, filling process, grain quality, planting density, row spacing

中图分类号:

S513

王萌, 陈国强, 金海燕, 韩晨光, 臧凤艳, 李子芳, 王金龙, 吴锡冬. 不同种植密度和空间布局方式对夏玉米灌浆速率和籽粒品质的影响[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2015, 22(4): 9-12.

WANG Meng, CHEN Guo-qiang, JIN Hai-yan, HAN Chen-guang, ZANG Feng-yan, LI Zi-fang, WANG Jin-long, WU Xi-dong. Effects of Different Planting Densities and Row Spacing Modes on Filling Rate and Grain Quality of Summer Maize[J]. Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University, 2015, 22(4): 9-12.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: http://xuebao.tjau.edu.cn/CN/

http://xuebao.tjau.edu.cn/CN/Y2015/V22/I4/9

参考文献

[1] 柯福来,马兴林,黄瑞冬,等. 种植密度对先玉335群体子粒灌浆特征的影响[J]. 玉米科学,2011,19(2):58-62,66.
[2] 魏珊珊,王祥宇,董树亭. 株行距配置对高产夏玉米冠层结构及籽粒灌浆特性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2014,25(2):441-450.
[3] 陈传永,王荣焕,赵久然,等. 不同生育时期遮光对玉米籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报,2014,40(9):1650-1657.
[4] Rajcan I,Tollenaar M.Source:sink ratio and leaf senescence in maize I. Dry matter accumulation and partitioning during grain filling[J]. Field Crops Research,1999,60(2):245-253.
[5] Liu W D,Tollenaar M, Smith G, et al.Within row plant spacing variability does not affect corn yield[J]. Agron J,2004,96:275-280.
[6] 王艳芳,杨东伟,张立军. 高油玉米灌浆期籽粒可溶性糖含量与脂肪积累的关系[J]. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2006,37(2):144-146.
[7] 顾万荣,魏湜,孙继,等. 种植密度对两种株型玉米产量及籽粒品质的影响[J]. 东北农业大学学报, 2013,44(7):64-68.
[8] Muhammad A R,Asghar A,Muhammad A M,et al.Effect of fertilizer levels and plant densities on yield and protein contents of autumn planted maize[J]. Pak J Agri Sci,2010,47(3):201-208.
[9] 刘霞,李宗新,王庆成,等. 种植密度对不同粒型玉米品种籽粒灌浆进程、产量及品质的影响[J]. 玉米科学,2007,15(6):75-78.
[10] 付健,杨克军,王玉凤,等. 不同种植方式和密度对玉米子粒灌浆速率的影响[J]. 湖北农业科学,2014, 53(18):4272-4275.
[11] 黄智鸿,王思远,申林,等. 超高产玉米籽粒的灌浆特性[J]. 西北农业学报,2007,16(4):14-18.
[12] 王晓慧,张磊,刘双利,等. 不同熟期春玉米品种的籽粒灌浆特性[J]. 中国农业科学,2014,47(18):3557-3565.
[13] 王铁固,赵新亮, 张怀胜,等. 种植密度对玉米叶部性状及灌浆速率的影响[J]. 贵州农业科学,2012, 40(3):75-78.
[14] 韩晨光,王金龙,李子芳,等. 种植密度对夏玉米叶片衰老及产量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(7):62-64.
[15] 郑毅,张立军,崔振海,等. 种植密度对不同株型夏玉米冠层结构和光合势的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2010(3):116-118,121.
[16] 王明泉. 不同种植密度对玉米生理性状、产量和品质影响的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报,2014,30(24): 6-10.
[17] 苏东涛,王静,李娜娜. 种植密度和品种对玉米产量和品质的影响[J]. 山西农业科学,2014,42(4): 343-345,375.
[18] 陈传永,侯玉虹,赵明,等. 密植高产条件下玉米植株可溶性糖含量及其产量关系分析[J]. 玉米科学, 2008,16(4):77-81.