海淡水养殖中华鲟血清生化和性类固醇指标的比较分析

doi:10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2026.02.014

天津农学院学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 81-86.doi: 10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2026.02.014

海淡水养殖中华鲟血清生化和性类固醇指标的比较分析

李雅洁¹, 冯广朋^{2,通信作者}, 郑跃平³, 徐嘉楠³, 孙金辉¹, 崔培^{1,通信作者}

1.天津农学院水产学院,天津 300392;
2.中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所上海长江口渔业资源增殖和生态修复工程技术研究中心,上海 200090;
3.上海市水生野生动植物保护研究中心,上海 200092

收稿日期:2024-08-13 出版日期:2026-04-30 发布日期:2026-05-06
通讯作者: 崔培（1985—）,女,实验师,博士,主要从事鱼类生物学研究。E-mail：icp7410@hotmail.com;冯广朋（1977—）,男,研究员,博士,主要从事长江渔业资源增殖养护和开发利用研究。E-mail：fgp16587711@163.com。
作者简介:李雅洁（1999—）,女,硕士在读,主要从事鱼类生理生化研究。E-mail：lyjttxs6@163.com。
基金资助:
农业农村部政府购买服务项目（Cjb2024wzbh-015）; 上海市水生野生动植物保护研究中心委托课题（3317-Z-2023）

Comparative analysis of serum biochemical indexes and sex steroid hormones of Acipenser sinensis cultured in sea and fresh water

Li Yajie¹, Feng Guangpeng^{2,Corresponding Author}, Zheng Yueping³, Xu Jianan³, Sun Jinhui¹, Cui Pei^{1,Corresponding Author}

1. College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China;
2. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Fisheries Stock Enhancement and Habitat Restoration of the Yangtze Estuary, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China;
3. Shanghai Aquatic Wildlife Conservation and Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China

Received:2024-08-13 Online:2026-04-30 Published:2026-05-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以海水和淡水养殖的雌性中华鲟为研究对象,测定中华鲟血清生化和性类固醇激素指标,以掌握海淡水养殖中华鲟的健康水平和性腺发育状况。结果表明,（1）血清生化指标：海水养殖中华鲟尿素、肌酐、尿酸、葡萄糖、钙离子等指标水平均极显著高于淡水养殖中华鲟（P<0.01）;总蛋白、白蛋白等指标水平均显著低于淡水养殖中华鲟（P<0.05）;球蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白等指标与淡水养殖中华鲟无显著性差异（P>0.05）。（2）性类固醇激素：雌二醇、睾酮、卵黄蛋白原等指标水平均显著低于淡水养殖中华鲟（P<0.05）;11-酮基睾酮、孕酮等指标与淡水养殖中华鲟无显著性差异（P>0.05）。研究发现淡水养殖中华鲟血清蛋白类水平较高,表明淡水养殖中华鲟自身代谢较为稳定。海水养殖中华鲟血清代谢水平以及血糖水平较高,表明其体液代谢水平、能量及营养物质供给水平较高。而淡水养殖中华鲟的性类固醇激素含量较高,揭示海水养殖中华鲟需要淡水条件进一步刺激性腺发育和提升性类固醇激素水平。研究结果可为中华鲟“陆—海—陆”海水接力保种和物种保护提供参考。

关键词: 海水养殖, 淡水养殖, 中华鲟, 血清生化指标, 性类固醇激素

Abstract: The serum biochemical and sex steroid hormone indices of Acipenser sinensis were measured in both marine and freshwater cultured female A. sinensis, in order to grasp the health level and gonadal development status of both marine and freshwater cultured A. sinensis. The results showed that（1）blood biochemical indicators: Urea, creatinine, uric acid, glucose, calcium and other indicators of the sea-farmed sturgeon were significantly higher than those of the freshwater farmed sturgeon （P<0.01）; Total protein, albumin and other indicators of the sea-farmed sturgeon were significantly lower than those of the freshwater farmed A. sinensis（P<0.05）; Globulin, triglyceride, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and other indicators of the freshwater farmed A. sinensis were not significantly different from the freshwater farmed A. sinensis（P>0.05）;（2）Sex hormones: Estradiol, testosterone, yolk proteins and other indicators were significantly lower than the freshwater farmed A. sinensis（P<0.05）; 11-ketotestosterone, progesterone, and other indicators of sea-farmed and freshwater farmed A. sinensis were not significantly different（P>0.05）. It was found that the serum protein levels of freshwater farmed A. sinensis were higher, indicating that the freshwater farmed A. Sinensis’s own metabolism was more stable. The higher serum metabolism level and blood glucose level of the sea-farmed A. sinensis indicated that their body fluid metabolism level, energy and nutrient supply level were higher. The higher levels of sex steroid hormones in freshwater farmed sturgeon indicated that seawater farmed sturgeon need freshwater conditions to further stimulate gonadal development and enhance sex steroid hormone levels. The results of this study can provide a reference for the “land-sea-land” seawater relay conservation and species protection of A. sinensis.

Key words: seaculture, freshwater aquaculture, Acipenser sinensis, serum biochemical indexes, sex steroid hormone

中图分类号:

S965.215

李雅洁, 冯广朋, 郑跃平, 徐嘉楠, 孙金辉, 崔培. 海淡水养殖中华鲟血清生化和性类固醇指标的比较分析[J]. 天津农学院学报, 2026, 33(2): 81-86.

Li Yajie, Feng Guangpeng, Zheng Yueping, Xu Jianan, Sun Jinhui, Cui Pei. Comparative analysis of serum biochemical indexes and sex steroid hormones of Acipenser sinensis cultured in sea and fresh water[J]. Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University, 2026, 33(2): 81-86.

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链接本文: http://xuebao.tjau.edu.cn/CN/10.19640/j.cnki.jtau.2026.02.014

http://xuebao.tjau.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V33/I2/81

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海淡水养殖中华鲟血清生化和性类固醇指标的比较分析

Comparative analysis of serum biochemical indexes and sex steroid hormones of Acipenser sinensis cultured in sea and fresh water

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